Python 数字

Python 数字

Python 中有三种数字类型：

  • int
  • float
  • complex

为变量赋值时，将创建数值类型的变量：

Example

x = 10   # int
y = 6.3  # float
z = 2j   # complex

如需验证 Python 中任何对象的类型，请使用 type() 函数：

Example

print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Run Instance

Int

Int 或整数是完整的数字，正数或负数，没有小数，长度不限。

Example

整数：

x = 10
y = 37216654545182186317
z = -465167846
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Run Instance

Float

浮动或“浮点数”是包含小数的正数或负数。

Example

浮点：

x = 3.50
y = 2.0
z = -63.78
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Run Instance

浮点数也可以是带有“e”的科学数字，表示 10 的幂。

Example

浮点：

x = 27e4
y = 15E2
z = -49.8e100
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Run Instance

复数

复数用 "j" 作为虚部编写：

Example

复数：

x = 2+3j
y = 7j
z = -7j
print(type(x))
print(type(y))
print(type(z))

Run Instance

Type Conversion

You can use int(),float() and complex() Method to convert from one type to another:

Example

Convert from one type to another:

x = 10 # int
y = 6.3 # float
z = 1j # complex
# Convert an integer to a float
a = float(x)
# Convert a float to an integer
b = int(y)
# Convert an integer to a complex number:
c = complex(x)
print(a)
print(b)
print(c)
print(type(a))
print(type(b))
print(type(c))

Run Instance

Note:You cannot convert a plural to another number type.

random numbers

Python does not have random() A function to create random numbers, but Python has a function called random The built-in module, which can be used to generate random numbers:

Example

Import the random module and display a random number between 1 and 9:

import random
print(random.randrange(1,10))

Run Instance

In Random Module Reference Manual In this section, you will learn more about the Random module.