Muundo wa JavaScript wa kusaidia

ECMAScript 2015, pia inaitwa ES6, ilianza kuanza kikla cha JavaScript.

Kikla cha JavaScript ni mtiririko wa kinaudhathu cha JavaScript.

Kikla cha JavaScript

Makala

Tumia neno mbinu class Kuanzisha kikla.

Wachaguliwe kwa jumla kwa jina constructor() Yanayotumika:

Makala

class ClassName {
  constructor() { ... }
}

mwigithi

class Car {
  constructor(name, year) {
    this.name = name;
    this.year = year;
  }
}

Mfano wa juu una kuanzisha kikla yenye jina "Car".

Kikla hauonekani na muatamaduni wa kwanza ya "name" na "year".

Muundo wa JavaScript wa kusaidiaHaiwezi kuwaKinaudhathu.

Haiwezi kuwa kinaudhathu cha kikundi cha JavaScript.Makala ya mtiririko.

Kutumia kikla

Je, kama una kikla, unaweza kutumia kikla kumekisha kikundi:

mwigithi

let myCar1 = new Car("Ford", 2014);
let myCar2 = new Car("Audi", 2019);

Try it yourself

Mfano wa juu una kuitumia: Kikla cha CarInaingia mbili. Mtu wa Car.

Inatakiwa kuwa ingaa kwenye method ya kuzingatia kama kipimo kipya kwa kikundi.

Method ya kuzingatia

Kuzingatia ni method yenye muhimu:

  • Inafaa kuwa na jina kinaudhathu la "kuzingatia".
  • Inafanyika kwenye kuanzisha kikundi kipya.
  • Kwa kuanzisha muatamaduni wa kikundi.
  • Je, hadi ya kuzingatia, JavaScript itakaa kuingia method ya kuzingatia kufikia kikla kifupi.

Method ya kikla

Makala ya kikla

Makala

Kama vifaa vya kikla.

Tumia neno mbinu class Kuanzisha kikla.

Wachaguliwe kwa jumla constructor() Method.

Kisha nyueta chochote sana ya uwanja.

Makala

class ClassName {
  constructor() { ... }
  method_1() { ... }
  method_2() { ... }
  method_3() { ... }
}

Kuanzisha method ya kikla yenye jina "age" ambayo inaonyesha umri wa mawingu:

mwigithi

class Car {
  constructor(name, year) {
    this.name = name;
    this.year = year;
  }
  age() {
    let date = new Date();
    kuwa taarifa ya mwaka tarehe ya hivi karibuni - this.year;
  }
}
let myCar = new Car("Ford", 2014);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "My car is " + myCar.age() + " years old.";

Try it yourself

Inaweza kuitumia ujumbe kwenye method ya kikla:

mwigithi

class Car {
  constructor(name, year) {
    this.name = name;
    this.year = year;
  }
  age(x) {
    return x - this.year;
  }
}
let date = new Date();
let year = date.getFullYear();
let myCar = new Car("Ford", 2014);
document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = "My car is " + myCar.age(year) + " years old.";

Try it yourself

Browser support

The following table indicates the first browser version to fully support JavaScript classes:

Chrome IE Firefox Safari Opera
Chrome 49 Edge 12 Firefox 45 Safari 9 Opera 36
March 2016 July 2015 March 2016 October 2015 March 2016

In the latter part of this tutorial, you will learn more about JavaScript classes.