DTD - 元素对比属性
Yankin tsara na littafin XML da HTML shine tsaftacewar kamar <body>....</body> na taga.
Yankin tsara na littafin XML
Duk littafin XML (da HTML) ana gudanarwa da yankin tsara na daban:
- Elemanta
- Ayyukan
- Entity
- PCDATA
- CDATA
Kowane yankin tsara na kowane yankin shine:
Elemanta
Elemanta ita ce yankin tsara na littafin XML da HTML.Yankin tsara.
Shafin HTML na wata shafin ita ce "body" da "table". Shafin XML ita ce "note" da "message". Elemanta zai iya da ayyuka, elemanta daban ko wani elemanta. Elemanta na da wani elemanta na bincike kamar "hr" da "br" da "img".
Doka:
<body>body text in between</body> <message>some message in between</message>
Ayyukan
Ayyukan zai bayar da:Kwareyawa na daban game da elemanta.
Ayyukan kuma ana yi amfani dashi a cikin tagunin na bincike na kowane elemanta. Ayyukan kuma ana amfani dashi a matsayin kowane kwanan wuri.sunan/mai wuriAn kafa shi ne a matsayin tsaftacewa. "img" elemanta na iya bayar da kwareyawa na daban game da fiye da rarraba:
<img src="computer.gif" />
Sunan elemanta ita ce "img". sunan ayyukan ita ce "src". mutummun ayyukan ita ce "computer.gif". saboda elemanta na da wani rarraba na bincike, ana gudanarwa da '/' .
Entity
Entity ita ce girma da ke ciki na littafin da ake tsara. Girmama na entity ita ce kowane rarraba na entity.
Dukkan shugabannin da ke yin karatun ake ganin kwareyawa na HTML entity reference: " ". wannan entity na 'space without line break' ake amfani dashi a HTML domin tsara kaiwada na kaiwada a cikin littafin.
Duk daidaiwal da littafin ake gudanarwa da XML parser, entity zai zama kaiwada.
Kwareyawa na daban a cikin XML shine:
| Girmama na entity | Haruffa |
|---|---|
| < | < |
| > | > |
| & | & |
| " | " |
| ' | ' |
PCDATA
PCDATA ita ce fassarar littafin ayyuka (parsed character data).
Ayyukan kuma za a iya ganin su a matsayin littafin daga tagunin na bincike na XML zuwa tagunin na gudanarwa.
PCDATA ita ce fassarar littafin ayyuka da ake gudanarwa. Wannan littafin zai zama kaiwada ga fassarar entity da taga.
Ayyukan da ke littafin ayyuka za a gudanarwa a matsayin taga, kuma na ayyukan zai zama kaiwada.
Idanin kuma, alama da a yana gudanarwa na fassarar data na littafin kuma ba ya kamata raba wa &、< ko > ayyukan. An haɗa su da &、< ko > na girmama don wucewa.
CDATA
CDATA 的意思是字符数据（character data）。
CDATA 是不会被解析器解析的文本。在这些文本中的标签不会被当作标记来对待，其中的实体也不会被展开。
