XQuery Examples

在本节，让我们通过研究一个例子来学习一些基础的 XQuery 语法。

XML 实例文档

我们将在下面的例子中使用这个 XML 文档。

"books.xml" :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<bookstore>
<book category="COOKING">
  <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
  <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
  <year>2005</year>
  <price>30.00</price>
</book>
<book category="CHILDREN">
  <title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
  <author>J K. Rowling</author>
  <year>2005</year>
  <price>29.99</price>
</book>
<book category="WEB">
  <title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
  <author>James McGovern</author>
  <author>Per Bothner</author>
  <author>Kurt Cagle</author>
  <author>James Linn</author>
  <author>Vaidyanathan Nagarajan</author>
  <year>2003</year>
  <price>49.99</price>
</book>
<book category="WEB">
  <title lang="en">Learning XML</title>
  <author>Erik T. Ray</author>
  <year>2003</year>
  <price>39.95</price>
</book>
</bookstore>

在您的浏览器中查看 "books.xml" 文件。

如何从 "books.xml" 选取节点？

函数

XQuery 使用函数来提取 XML 文档中的数据。

doc() 用于打开 "books.xml" 文件：

doc("books.xml")

路径表达式

XQuery 使用路径表达式在 XML 文档中通过元素进行导航。

下面的路径表达式用于在 "books.xml" 文件中选取所有的 title 元素：

doc("books.xml")/bookstore/book/title

(/bookstore 选取 bookstore 元素，/book 选取 bookstore 元素下的所有 book 元素，而 /title 选取每个 book 元素下的所有 title 元素)

Ang XQuery na ito ay makakakuha ng mga sumusunod na data:

<title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
<title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
<title lang="en">Learning XML</title>

Predicate

Ang XQuery ay gumagamit ng predicate upang limitahan ang data na inilalabas mula sa XML document.

Ang mga sumusunod na predicate ay ginamit upang piliin ang lahat ng book element sa element na bookstore, at ang halaga ng price element ng pinili na book ay dapat na mas mababa sa 30:

doc("books.xml")/bookstore/book[price<30]

Ang XQuery na ito ay makakakuha ng mga sumusunod na data:

<book category="CHILDREN">
  <title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
  <author>J K. Rowling</author>
  <year>2005</year>
  <price>29.99</price>
</book>