Operador na UNION at UNION ALL ng SQL

Operador na UNION ng SQL

Ang operador na UNION ay ginagamit upang magkaisa ang mga resulta ng dalawang o higit pang SELECT na pangungusap.

Huwag mag-alala, ang SELECT na pangungusap sa loob ng UNION ay dapat may magkaparehong bilang ng mga column. Ang mga column ay dapat may magkaparehong uri ng datos. Gayundin, ang kailangan na ang pagkakatala ng mga column sa bawat SELECT na pangungusap ay magkapareho.

SQL UNION 语法

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

注释：默认地，UNION 操作符选取不同的值。如果允许重复的值，请使用 UNION ALL。

SQL UNION ALL 语法

SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name1
UNION ALL
SELECT column_name(s) FROM table_name2

另外，UNION 结果集中的列名总是等于 UNION 中第一个 SELECT 语句中的列名。

下面的例子中使用的原始表：

Employees_China:

E_ID E_Name
01 Zhang, Hua
02 Wang, Wei
03 Carter, Thomas
04 Yang, Ming

Employees_USA:

E_ID E_Name
01 Adams, John
02 Bush, George
03 Carter, Thomas
04 Gates, Bill

使用 UNION 命令

实例

列出所有在中国和美国的不同的雇员名：

SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_China
UNION
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA

结果

E_Name
Zhang, Hua
Wang, Wei
Carter, Thomas
Yang, Ming
Adams, John
Bush, George
Gates, Bill

注释：这个命令无法列出在中国和美国的所有雇员。在上面的例子中，我们有两个名字相同的雇员，他们当中只有一个人被列出来了。UNION 命令只会选取不同的值。

UNION ALL

UNION ALL 命令和 UNION 命令几乎是等效的，不过 UNION ALL 命令会列出所有的值。

SQL Statement 1
UNION ALL
SQL Statement 2

使用 UNION ALL 命令

实例：

列出在中国和美国的所有的雇员：

SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_China
UNION ALL
SELECT E_Name FROM Employees_USA

结果

E_Name
Zhang, Hua
Wang, Wei
Carter, Thomas
Yang, Ming
Adams, John
Bush, George
Carter, Thomas
Gates, Bill