JavaScript HTML DOM 导航

Daga HTML DOM, ana iya samar da kewayi na kewayi domin nuna kewayi na kewayi

DOM ˈnɔd

Daga W3C HTML DOM standard, kowane abin HTML yana da kewayi na kewayi:

  • Dokumentin na farko yana da kewayi na kewayi
  • Kowane HTML element yana da kewayi na kewayi
  • Tekun HTML yana da kewayi na kewayi
  • Kowane HTML属性 yana da kewayi na kewayi
  • Alla suna da kewayi na kewayi
DOM HTML Tsaɗa

Daga HTML DOM, kowane kewayi na kewayi zai iya samu da JavaScript

An iya samar da kewayi na kewayi, kuma an iya samar da kewayi na kewayi ko kewayi na kewayi

Kewayi na kewayi

Kewayi na kewayi suna da iyali a cikin kewayi

  • Tunan (kewayi, ɗa, kewayi, parent, child kuma sibling) ana amfani dashi don nuna wa su wa su
  • A cikin kewayi na kewayi, kewayi na farko yana kalla suna root (root kewayi bai haɗa da kewayi mai kai ba)
  • Kowane kewayi yana da kewayi mai kai, kuma root (root kewayi bai haɗa da kewayi mai kai ba)
  • Kewayi za a iya samu ɗaya ko fiyar a cikin kewayi
  • Kabara (wata ko gwanan ko gina) yana nufin kewayi da wata ko take da jigo ɗaya
<html>
   <head>
       <title>Manu DOM</title>
   </head>
  <body>
       <h1>Lesso na DOM na farko</h1>
       <p>Sannu duniya!</p>
   </body>
</html>
DOM HTML Tsaɗa

Daga na HTML a kanan, ana iya samu bayan haka:

  • <html> yana jigo root
  • <html> baiwa jigo
  • <html> yana <head> da <body> na jigo
  • Isu <head> yana <html> na farko
  • 是 的最后一个子

同时：

  • 有一个子：</li> <li><title> 有一个子（文本节点）："DOM 教程"</li> <li><body> 有两个子：<h1> 和 <p></li> <li><h1> 有一个子："DOM 第一课"</li> <li><p> 有一个子："Hello world!"</li> <li><h1> 和 <p> 是同胞</li> </ul> </div> <div> <h2>在节点之间导航</h2> <p>通过 JavaScript，您可以使用以下节点属性在节点之间导航：</p> <ul> <li>parentNode</li> <li>childNodes[<i>nodenumber</i>]</li> <li>firstChild</li> <li>lastChild</li> <li>nextSibling</li> <li>previousSibling</li> </ul> </div> <div> <h2>子节点和节点值</h2> <p>DOM 处理中的一种常见错误是认为元素节点中包含文本。</p> <h3>实例：</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <title id="demo">DOM 教程

    （上面例子中的）元素节点 <mark>不包含</mark>文本。</p> <p>它包含了值为 "DOM 教程" 的<em>文本节点</em>。</p> <p>文本节点的值能够通过节点的 <code>innerHTML</code> 属性进行访问：</p> <pre class="language-js"> var myTitle = document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML; </pre> <p>访问 innerHTML 属性等同于访问首个子节点的 <code>nodeValue</code>：</p> <pre class="language-js"> var myTitle = document.getElementById("demo").firstChild.nodeValue; </pre> <p>也可以这样访问第一个子节点：</p> <pre class="language-js"> var myTitle = document.getElementById("demo").childNodes[0].nodeValue; </pre> <p>以下三个例子取回 <code><h1></code> 元素的文本并复制到 <code><p></code> 元素中：</p> <h3>实例 1</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <html> <body> <h1 id="id01">我的第一张页面</h1> <p id="id02">Hello!</p> <script> document.getElementById("id02").innerHTML = document.getElementById("id01").innerHTML; </ˈskrɪpt> </body> </html> </pre> <p class="tiy"><a target="_blank" href="/ha/tiy/t.html?f=eg_js_dom_nav_innerhtml_1">ˈprɪzənˈtiˈm ˈtrɪː ˈtrɪ</a></p> <h3>实例 2</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <html> <body> <h1 id="id01">我的第一张页面</h1> <p id="id02">Hello!</p> <script> document.getElementById("id02").innerHTML = document.getElementById("id01").firstChild.nodeValue; </ˈskrɪpt> </body> </html> </pre> <p class="tiy"><a target="_blank" href="/ha/tiy/t.html?f=eg_js_dom_nav_innerhtml_2">ˈprɪzənˈtiˈm ˈtrɪː ˈtrɪ</a></p> <h3>实例 3</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <html> <body> <h1 id="id01">我的第一张页面</h1> <p id="id02">Hello!</p> <script> document.getElementById("id02").innerHTML = document.getElementById("id01").childNodes[0].nodeValue; </ˈskrɪpt> </body> </html> </pre> <p class="tiy"><a target="_blank" href="/ha/tiy/t.html?f=eg_js_dom_nav_innerhtml_3">ˈprɪzənˈtiˈm ˈtrɪː ˈtrɪ</a></p> </div> <div> <h2>InnerHTML</h2> <p>naa ya'a fariya tarin naa ya'a hukuma <code>innerHTML</code> ka iya gina nau'warin HTML.</p> <p>sannan, karin naa ya'a hukuma karin naa ya'a hukuma fariya DOM naa ya'a hukuma nau'warin naa ya'a hukuma navigation.</p> </div> <div> <h2>DOM naa ya'a hukuma root</h2> <p>wannan naa ya'a gina burin burin naa ya'a hukuma dokumentan naa ya'a hukuma:</p> <ul> <li>document.body - dokumentan naa ya'a hukuma body</li> <li>document.documentElement - dokumentan naa ya'a hukuma</li> </ul> <h3>tarin</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <html> <body> <p>Hello World!</p> <div> <p>DOM naa ya'a fiyanci!</p> <p>tarin naa ya'a fariya <b>document.body</b> 属性.</p> </div> <script> alert(document.body.innerHTML); </ˈskrɪpt> </body> </html> </pre> <p class="tiy"><a target="_blank" href="/ha/tiy/t.html?f=eg_js_dom_nav_body">ˈprɪzənˈtiˈm ˈtrɪː ˈtrɪ</a></p> <h3>tarin</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <html> <body> <p>Hello World!</p> <div> <p>DOM naa ya'a fiyanci!</p> <p>tarin naa ya'a fariya <b>document.documentElement</b> 属性.</p> </div> <script> alert(document.documentElement.innerHTML); </ˈskrɪpt> </body> </html> </pre> <p class="tiy"><a target="_blank" href="/ha/tiy/t.html?f=eg_js_dom_nav_document">ˈprɪzənˈtiˈm ˈtrɪː ˈtrɪ</a></p> </div> <div> <h2>nodeName 属性</h2> <p><code>nodeName</code> 属性 naa ya'a hukuma nau'warin na'wan.</p> <ul> <li>nodeName naa ya'a tasi a kan.</li> <li>元素 naa ya'a hukuma nau'warin burin burin.</li> <li>属性 naa ya'a hukuma nodeName burin burin.</li> <li>文本 naa ya'a hukuma nodeName naa ya'a #text.</li> <li>文档 naa ya'a hukuma nodeName naa ya'a #document.</li> </ul> <h3>tarin</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <h1 id="id01">mi farko farko ta'labbin</h1> <p id="id02">Hello!</p> <script> document.getElementById("id02").innerHTML = document.getElementById("id01").nodeName; </ˈskrɪpt> </pre> <p class="tiy"><a target="_blank" href="/ha/tiy/t.html?f=eg_js_dom_nav_nodename">ˈprɪzənˈtiˈm ˈtrɪː ˈtrɪ</a></p> <p class="note"><span>注释：</span>nodeName kaiyaki ya'a hukuma nau'warin nau'warin na'wan HTML na'wan nau'warin.</p> </div> <div> <h2>nodeValue 属性</h2> <p><code>nodeValue</code> 属性 naa ya'a hukuma burin nau'warin.</p> <ul> <li>元素 nau'warin naa ya'a hukuma undefined.</li> <li>文本 nau'warin naa ya'a hukuma burin burin.</li> <li>属性 nau'warin naa ya'a hukuma burin burin.</li> </ul> </div> <div> <h2>nodeType 属性</h2> <p><code>nodeType</code> 属性 naa ya'a hukuma nau'warin nau'warin na'wan nau'warin.<code>nodeType</code> tasi a kan tasi a kan.</p> <h3>tarin</h3> <pre class="language-html"> <h1 id="id01">mi farko farko ta'labbin</h1> <p id="id02">Hello!</p> <script> document.getElementById("id02").innerHTML = document.getElementById("id01").nodeType; </ˈskrɪpt> </pre> <p class="tiy"><a target="_blank" href="/ha/tiy/t.html?f=eg_js_dom_nav_nodetype">ˈprɪzənˈtiˈm ˈtrɪː ˈtrɪ</a></p> <p>ˈɪz ˈðə ˈmɔst ˈɪmˈpɔrtənt ˈnɔdˈtaɪp ˈɑtˈrɪbˈjʊt ˈɪz:</p> <table class="dataintable"> <tr> <th>ˈnɔd</th> <th>ˈtaɪp</th> <th>ˈɪnstəns</th> </tr> <tr> <td>ˈɛlɪmɛnt ˈnoʊd</td> <td>1</td> <td>ˈhɛɪt ˈklæsˈhɛɪtɪŋˈs ˈwɛskjuːˈl</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ˈætˈrɪbˈjut ˈnoʊd</td> <td>2</td> <td>ˈkæls ˈˈhɛɪtɪŋˈs ˈdʌbˈljuː ˈjʊnˈdʒɪd ˈdʌs ˈnɑt ˈjʊnˈdʒɪd</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ˈtɛkst ˈnoʊd</td> <td>3</td> <td>W3School</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ˈkɑmˈmɛnt ˈnoʊd</td> <td>8</td> <td>ˈbʌt ˈɪz ˈkɑmˈmɛnt</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ˈdɑkjuˈmenˈta ˈnoʊd</td> <td>9</td> <td>HTML ˈdɑkjuˈmenˈta ˈbɪn ˈwʌt ˈðə ˈfɛrˈpɛr ˈɑv ˈhɛltɛmpˈs ˈfɛrˈpɛr</td> </tr> <tr> <td>ˈdɑkjuˈmenˈta ˈtaɪp ˈnoʊd</td> <td>10</td> <td>ˈdɛlˈtaɪp ˈɑʊt ˈhɛlˈtɛmp</td> </tr> </table> <p>ˈtaɪp 2 ˈjʊnˈdʒɪd ˈwɛn ˈjʊnˈdʒɪd ˈɪn ˈɛlˈtɑʊ ˈdɑm. ˈɛmˈl ˈdʌm ˈnɑt ˈjʊnˈdʒɪd.</p> </div> <div class="prenextnav"> <ul> <li> ˈprɛvɪəs ˈpeɪdʒ <a href="/ha/js/js_htmldom_eventlistener.html" title="JavaScript HTML DOM 事件监听程序">DOM ˈɪvɛnt ˈlɪstənˈr</a></li> <li> ˈnɛkst ˈpeɪdʒ <a href="/ha/js/js_htmldom_nodes.html" title="JavaScript HTML DOM 元素（节点）">DOM ˈnɔd</a></li> </ul> </div><div style="background-color:#fcfdf8; 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