ECMAScript 2021

JavaScript 版本号

旧的 JS 版本以数字命名:ES5 (2009) 和 ES6 (2015)。

从 2016 年开始,版本按年份命名:ECMAScript 2016、2017、2018、2019、...

新特性

ES2021 中的新特性:

ES2022 中的新特性:

  • 数组方法 at()
  • 字符串方法 at()
  • 正则表达式 /d
  • Object.hasOwn()
  • error.cause
  • await import
  • 私有方法和字段
  • 类字段声明

警告

这些特性相对较新。

较旧的浏览器可能需要替代代码(Polyfill)

JavaScript 字符串方法 ReplaceAll()

ES2021 引入了字符串方法 replaceAll():

Example

text = text.replaceAll("Cats","Dogs");
text = text.replaceAll("cats","dogs");

Try it yourself

replaceAll() 方法允许您指定一个正则表达式而不是要替换的字符串。

如果参数是正则表达式,则必须设置全局标志 (g),否则会抛出 TypeError。

Example

text = text.replaceAll(/Cats/g,"Dogs");
text = text.replaceAll(/cats/g,"dogs");

Try it yourself

Tip:ES2020 The string method matchAll() was introduced.

JavaScript numeric separators (_)

ES2021 introduced numeric separators (_) to make numbers more readable:

Example

const num = 1_000_000_000;

Try it yourself

Numeric separators are for visual use only.

Example

const num1 = 1_000_000_000;
const num2 = 1000000000;
(num1 === num2);

Try it yourself

Numeric separators can be placed at any position within a number:

Example

const num1 = 1_2_3_4_5;

Try it yourself

Note

Numeric separators are not allowed at the beginning or end of a number.

In JavaScript, onlyVariablesThey can start with an underscore (_).

Since January 2020, all modern browsers have supported numeric separators:

Chrome Edge Firefox Safari Opera
Chrome 75 Edge 79 Firefox 74 Safari 13.1 Opera 67
June 2019 January 2020 October 2019 September 2019 June 2019